Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

We report the case of a female patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who developed end-stage renal failure requiring continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). She experienced polymicrobial CAPD-associated peritonitis and died about 1 month after initiation of CAPD. Although CAPD is an effective dialytic therapy, infection remains its Achilles' heel. The potential risk of HIV transmission by peritoneal dialysis effluent should be noted. HAART dose should be adjusted according to renal function to minimize adverse drug effects.