Breeding system in Trifolium glanduliferum (Fabaceae)

Abstract Trifolium glanduliferum Boiss. var. nervulosum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Zoh., glandular (or gland) clover is an annual pasture species, with Mediterranean origin, recently introduced into Australia. The species was previously reported as self‐pollinating. Studies with four accessions originating from Israel clearly suggest that Trifolium glanduliferum is a highly self‐incompatible species, which requires vectors including bees to ensure pollination. Unpollinated bagged and hand tripped florets showed no signs of pollen tube growth and no seed set, while cross‐pollinated florets showed pollen tube growth and gave high seed set. A high pollen:ovule ratio suggested that the species is between facultative outcrossing and obligate outcrossing.