Low-Profile, Electrically Small Planar Huygens Source Antenna With an Endfire Radiation Characteristic

An electrically small, extremely thin Huygens source antenna with an endfire radiation characteristic is presented. It is composed of planar electric and magnetic dipoles that are simultaneously fed by a single feedline. The proposed antenna shows a directivity of 4.66 dB, very close to the value achievable by the magnetoelectric dipole antenna configuration, with a low profile of λ 0 /103 and an electrical size ka of 0.47. The radiation efficiency is 71.1%. The prototype is built, and the simulated results are successfully verified experimentally.