Translation and validation of the Spanish Movement Imagery Questionnaire Revised Second version (MIQ-RS).

BACKGROUND Motor imagery, which emphasizes mental rehearsal of motor skills to improve function, is frequently used in clinical practice. Because of its increasing use, reliable and valid tools are necessary to evaluate motor imagery abilities. However, there are few questionnaires translated and validated into Spanish language. OBJECTIVE To translate, transculturally adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised Second Version (MIQ-RS). DESIGN A single-center observational study. SETTING University community. PARTICIPANTS One hundred fifty-five healthy participants were recruited. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Spanish translation of the MIQ-RS and psychometric performances of the questionnaire were tested using concurrent-criterion and content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test-rest reliability. Internal consistency, concurrent-criterion validity, construct validity, and test-rest reliability were assessed with Cronbach´s alpha, Spearman´s correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. RESULTS Results showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.90), test-rest reliability (ICC for visual items = 0.844 and for kinesthetic items = 0.70) and content and criterion-concurrent validity (Spearman´s correlation coefficient for visual items, 0.60 and for kinesthetic items, 0.81) of the MIQ-RS Spanish version. The two-factor structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. Statistically significant gender differences were observed in mean kinesthetic motor imagery scores and in mean visual motor imagery scores according to sports practice. No significant differences for gender, age, and sports, musical, and dance practice were reported. CONCLUSIONS The Spanish version of the MIQ-RS is a valid and reliable tool to assess motor imagery abilities in healthy young people.