Функциональные нарушения органов желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей, актуальные подходы и практические наработки

The publication contains materials from the satellite symposium «Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in children, current approaches and practical experience», held on February 22, 2020 within the framework of the XXII Congress of Russian Pediatricians with international participation «Actual problems of pediatrics». Functional disorders occupy one of the leading places in the structure of the pathology of the digestive system. The article outlines the latest recommendations of the so-called Rome Consensus 2016 and the criteria for functional disorders; provides new data on their prevalence. The basic provisions concerning functional disorders of the biliary tract are stated. The main clinical signs of functional disorders of the gallbladder and the sphincter of Oddi are presented, confirming the criteria, according to instrumental studies. Therapeutic approaches are discussed. The latest data on the human microbiota and its role in the development of functional diseases in children are also presented. A separate section of the article is devoted to the problem of chronic constipation in children and the role of short-chain fatty acids in the normalization of bowel function.