Electrochemical immunosensor for interferon-γ based on disposable ITO detector and HRP-antibody-conjugated nano gold as signal tag

Abstract Tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of infection-related death worldwide. A new disposable electrochemical immunosensor with low cost and simple fabrication was proposed to detect interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and Au nanoparticle (AuNP) composite were used to provide an efficient biointerface, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibody-conjugated AuNP (HRP-Ab2-AuNP) bioconjugates were used as a novel signal tag. The large amounts of HRP on the signal tag can catalyze the oxidation of Hydroquinone (HQ) by H 2 O 2 , which can induce an amplified reductive current. The catalytic reduction current was related to the amount of HRP immobilized on the surface, which itself was related to the concentration of IFN-γ. Under optimized conditions, the proposed immunosensor showed a high sensitivity and a linear range of 0.1–10,000 pg/mL with a detection limit of 0.048 pg/mL. The assay results of clinical serum samples obtained by the immunosensor were in acceptable agreement with the reference values. Therefore, the immunosensor possessed excellent clinical value in early diagnosis and control of tuberculosis.