Gliomatose Cerebral: Caso Clínico e Revisão da Literatura

We report a case of gliomatosis cerebri that after two episodes of severe intracranial hypertension, started palliative chemotherapy and progressed satisfactory clinically and imagiologically. A 33-year-old male patient, previously autonomous (Karnofsky Performance Status Scale of 100 points) and with no relevant personal/familiar history, is investigated with brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging after an inaugural seizure. A right fronto-parietal infiltrative lesion with contralateral extension through the splenium of the corpus callosum was detected. A neuronavigation lesion biopsy was performed and the histological diagnosis revealed an astrocytoma grade II (WHO), defining a gliomatosis cerebri. After hospital discharge, he returns two times to the emergency department with severe intracranial hypertension. After hospitalization and intravenous corticosteroid therapy, he recovers neurologically to his basal state. Twenty-seven months after the diagnosis, the patient is asymptomatic, with no focal neurological deficits and with imaging stability of the lesion. Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare neoplasm, with a variable clinical presentation and a diagnosis based on imaging and histological characteristics. After the start of the complementary treatments, such as chemotherapy, it is possible to get a long term clinical and imaging stabilization. Received: 10/10/2016 - Accepted: 05/09/2017