Genetic polymorphisms underlying the skeletal Class III phenotype

Introduction Our goal was to verify the association between candidate polymorphisms and skeletal Class III malocclusion in a well-characterized homogeneous sample set. Methods Thirty-five single-nucleotide polymorphisms were studied from 10 candidate loci in 54 Class III subjects and 120 controls. Skeletal Class III characteristics included ANB angle less than 0°, SNB angle greater than 83° (mandibular prognathism), SNA angle less than 79° (maxillary deficiency), Class III molar relationship, and negative overjet. Inclusion criteria for the controls were ANB angle between 0° and 4°, Class I molar relationship, and normal overjet. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests and principal component (PC) analysis were used to determine overrepresentation of marker alleles with alpha of 0.05. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results MYO1H (rs10850110 A P MYO1H ( P MYO1H ( P GHR (rs2973015 A>G) ( P  = 0.001) with PC2 and between FGF10 (rs593307 A P  = 0.001) with PC4. Conclusions Polymorphism in MYO1H could be used as a marker for genetic susceptibility to Class III malocclusion with mandibular prognathism, and polymorphisms in GHR and FGF were associated with maxillomandibular discrepancies. This study may contribute to improved diagnosis and further research assessing possible differences in treatment responses based on genetic polymorphisms.