Integrated Pest Management reduces pesticides and production costs of vegetables and soybean in Indonesia: field studies with local farmers.

ABSTRACT Sur veys and field studies to support the Indonesian National Integrated Pest Man age ment (IPM) Program were carried out on selected second aryfoodcrops (soy bean, cab bage, shal lots, chilies, and longbean). Field surveys identified several new records and spe cies of patho gens and parasites. In soy bean, late-planted cropssuffered more dam age by Etiella spp. and Helicoverpa armigera than early-planted ones. Use of in secti cides caused populations of the in sectpests, Spodoptera litura and H. armigera, to resurge. Damage by H. armigera also in -creased with in creas ing in secti cide use. Studies in farm ers' fields and in ex per i mental plots revealed that stem fly, Melanagromyza sojae, damage caused slight yield losses only whenthe hypocotyl was at tacked and no correlation be tween use of in secticides and stem dam age could be detected. An IPM sys tem for cab bage, with ma jor compo nents consisting of hand-pick ing egg masses and lar val clus ters of Crocidolomia binotalis plusspot tre...