Ischemic Heart Disease and Risk of Development of Cognitive Disorders or Dementia (Review)

An increase in life expectancy in Europe and Russia leads to an increase in the number of patients of older age groups with Cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the presence of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia (DM) increase with age and have common risk factors. It should be noted that atherosclerosis and CHD are associated with brain ischemia and specific lesions. Research interest in the relationship between cardiovascular disease and dementia has more often focused on cerebrovascular disease than on CHD. It is important to note that it is the studies in middle-aged and CHD patients, as well as the links with cognitive impairment that are important. Since more often, coronary heart disease manifests itself in middle age. This literature review presents data from studies aimed at studying the relationship of coronary heart disease and cognitive impairment, new research on the relationship between coronary artery disease, the prevalence of the disease and poor cognitive status. Studies are presented on the study of a cohort of patients of middle, elderly and senile age. The research data on the study of the dependence of atherosclerosis, age, various forms of coronary heart disease (stable coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting) with the course and clinical manifestations of cognitive impairment and dementia, complications and severity of cognitive impairment are described. Studies aimed at linking coronary heart disease and cognitive impairment require further study to determine the mechanisms of their development and progression and identify new strategies in preventive medicine.