Die direkte perkutane radiologische Jejunostomie (PRJ) und Duodenostomie: eine retrospektive Auswertung

Purpose: To present our experience with direct percutaneous radiologic duodenostomy and jejunostomy (PRJ) for alimentation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study identified 24 patients who had undergone percutaneous jejunostomy or duodenostomy guided by CT and fluoroscopy over a period of 9 years. Whenever possible, the jejunum was inflated with a 5 French diagnostic catheter and jejunopexy was performed using Cope anchors (T-fasteners). A 12 to 14 French locking pigtail drain was inserted for alimentation. In 8 patients, percutaneous direct jejunostomy was performed using only fluoroscopy. In 9 patients, both CT and fluoroscopy were used to guide the jejunostomy. In all 7 patients who underwent duodenostomy, combination of CT and fluoroscopy was used. The reports were reviewed for complications and the technical success rate. The technical success rate was determined. Results: Percutaneous radiologic jejunostomy was attempted in 17 patients and failed in 5 patients. PRJ was successful in all 8 procedures guided by fluoroscopy and in 4 of 9 procedures guided by CT and fluoroscopy. Direct percutaneous duodenostomy guided by CT and fluoroscopy was successful in all 7 cases. There were no procedure-related laparotomies and no mortality related to the jejunostomy. Minor complications were infection of the abdominal wall (n = 1), lingering pain requiring a new jejunostomy (n = 1) and aspiration because of persistent reflux (n = 1). Conclusion: PRJ is a safe procedure even in critically ill patients. It is technically difficult and may fail if the jejunum cannot be distended. Percutaneous radiologic duodenostomy and jejunostomy are recommended for prolonged alimentation of malnourished patients following esophageal or gastric surgery.