Route and data transmission method based on tree network

The invention relates to the communication technology of city rail train-mounted equipment, and provides a network transmission destination addressing and transmission method applied to a tree network structure. Reliability of city rail train network data transmission under different unreliable transmission modes is guaranteed, and a data structure by which all data on the tree network can be recorded sequentially is provided. When a device mounts a tree, a mounting request is sent to mounted nodes, and the root node carries out routing table recording and answers back when receiving the request, so that mounting of the device is finished. When all network devices communicate with other devices, the physical addresses of the other devices do not need to be obtained, and only the name information of the destination is pointed out on the field defined by a data pack. When data are sent, the data are sent to the upper layer and forwarded through the root node of the tree structure to the destination.