QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF ALKALOIDS, FLAVONOIDS, SAPONINS, STEROIDS AND TANNINS CONTENTS FROM THE SUCCESSIVE SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF Crinum zeylanicum Bulb.

Crinum zeylanicum (L.) of the family Amaryllidaceae is one of the medicinal plants that have gained ancient-to-date popularity in the healing of skin diseases, bone fracture and other tropical illnesses in traditional medicine practices. The grounded bulb was extracted successively using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. The raw sample and the successive extracts were evaluated for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and tannins contents using specific standard gravimetric methods for each component. Correlation analysis of the components was also carried out. The quantitative determinations revealed the range of the bio-components as saponins (37.20-13.08%,), alkaloids (22.14-4.62%), Tannins (19.47-2.79%), Flavonoids (15.32-0.08%) and Steroids (10.49-0.72). The correlation coefficient analysis at 5% identified high negative correlation between saponins and steroids at (-0.921) as the most significant value (p=0.026), likewise alkaloids and saponins, alkaloids and tannins, flavonoids and saponins, flavonoids and tannins, steroids and tannins but statistically insignificant. It however, revealed high positive correlation of alkaloids and steroids (+0.872) at insignificant value (p=0.055) and such other correlations in this study are alkaloids and flavonoids, flavonoids and steroids, saponins and tannins. At 95% confidence interval of the differences in the paired components, showed that alkaloids and steroids, flavonoids and saponins, saponins and steroids, saponins and tannins are statistically significant (p=0.009- 0.012) while others are insignificant (p-0.057-0.978). These results indicated that the bulb contained essential medicinal components suitable for health benefits and considered a multifaceted plant for curing many types of diseases and illnesses.