Evaluation of a new catheter for total parenteral nutrition.

Central venous catheters play an important role in the management of children with a variety of disorders. Desirable characteristics of such catheters include ease and reliability of placement, secure fixation, low rates of complication, and ease of removal. We describe our experience with a new form of catheter that displays all of these characteristics. One hundred twenty-nine catheters were inserted in 111 patients over a 2-year period for a total of 5,729 treatment days. This catheter is made of silicone rubber and is positioned by using P-wave changes seen during intraoperative electrocardiography. x-Ray confirmation is not routinely necessary. The catheter is fixed in position by use of a grommet, which is sutured in the neck at the site of the venotomy. This form of fixation allows the catheter to be easily removed by nonsurgical means while keeping it securely in position for the duration of use. Our experience with this catheter has been associated with a low incidence of septic (1.1-4.2 septic episodes per 1,000 patient days) and mechanical (2.3 episodes per 1,000 patient days) complications in a setting that includes both in-hospital and home total parenteral nutrition patients. It is felt that this new form of catheter and catheter fixation offers several advantages over other types of central venous catheters currently in use.