Applications and prospects for impedance cardiography: Stationary and ambulatory implementations

Abstract This chapter contains the description of the foundations of the impedance cardiography (ICG) as a noninvasive method for continuous determination of stroke volume (SV), cardiac output, and systolic time intervals (preejection period and left ventricular ejection time). The origin of the signal, the used arithmetic formulas for SV evaluation, and limitations of the method were presented. It also presented the present and the possible future research and clinical applications of the ICG.