Research and Development of the eXtendable Solar Array System

The eXtendable Solar Array System (XSAS) is a CubeSat power generation and distribution system under development by a team of students at the University of Michigan. Low power generation is a major factor limiting current CubeSat capabilities. XSAS is being designed as a 1U (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm) CubeSat attachment capable of high power generation by utilizing an extending array of solar panels that provide a large surface compared to the common 3U (10 cm × 10 cm × 30 cm) CubeSat. The geometry of extendable structure can provide additional benefits to a mission such as passive gravity gradient stabilization and the potential to integrate with a high gain antenna for enhanced communication capabilities. Preliminary calculations on the baseline design show that XSAS provides more than 20 watt-hours average power at 100° inclination orbits above 600 km, nearly triple the average 7 watt-hours power generation capability of a 3U CubeSat. A scaled down version of the extending array was tested in microgravity and validated as a reliable design. Currently, the XSAS project is in a research and development stage. All aspects of the XSAS technology are being investigated or redesigned based on previous testing results, lessons learned, and trade studies. Modeling is being done to determine power generation capabilities with respect to a range of orbital altitude and inclinations, structural characteristics, and thermal management methods. The extending structure and electrical power system are being designed and prototyped. The group will continue to raise the Technology Readiness Level and one day utilize XSAS to benefit a CubeSat mission.