Extended black-box model of pantograph arcing considering varying pantograph detachment distance

Pantograph arcing is a more and more prominent phenomenon as the increase of pantograph-catenary interaction, especially when the detachment of pantograph-catenary happens. A large amount of arc models are established on train system in order to analyze the influence of pantograph detachment arcing, but have the limitation of setting the pantograph detachment length to a constant. To solve the problem, this paper introduces the dynamic process into the pantograph detachment length, and proposes an extended black-box model of pantograph arcing considering varying pantograph detachment distance. At first, based on Habedank's arc equations, two parameters, including voltage gradient and power dissipation, are studied and extended to reflect the relation between varying pantograph detachment distance and equation of arc model. Then, by the state-space model analysis on MATLAB software, deduced arc characteristic waveforms under the dynamic process is presented, and the effectiveness of extended black-box model is validated on a simplified integrated circuit model of train's running in traction network with pantograph arcing. Finally, the dynamic process and static process of the arc models is compared and some analyses are made to evaluate the presented extended arc model under different changing processes.