First Exit-Time Analysis for an Approximate Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard Model with Stationary Self-Decomposable Variance Process

In this paper, an approximate version of the Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard model, driven by a Brownian motion and a L\'evy subordinator, is formulated. The first-exit time of the log-return process for this model is analyzed. It is shown that with certain probability, the first-exit time process of the log-return is decomposable into the sum of the first exit time of the Brownian motion with drift, and the first exit time of a L\'evy subordinator with drift. Subsequently, the probability density functions of the first exit time of some specific L\'evy subordinators, connected to stationary, self-decomposable variance processes, are studied. Analytical expressions of the probability density function of the first-exit time of three such L\'evy subordinators are obtained in terms of various special functions. The results are implemented to empirical S&P 500 dataset.