Insights into tyrosine nitration in an astrocytoma proteome

Tyrosine nitration in a proteome (nitroproteome) is extensively associated with the highly fatal astrocytoma with high-degree invasiveness, infiltration, angiogenesis, and inflammatory processes. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE)-based nitrotyrosine immunoaffinity, gel image analysis, tandem mass spectrometry, Western blot, immunoprecipitation, and bioinformatics revealed an astrocytoma nitroproteomic profile that contains 57 nitrotyrosine immunopositive 2D gel-spots with identification of 17 nitroproteins and their 20 nitrotyrosine-sites, and those nitroproteins play roles in multiple functional systems. The first nitroproteomic profile paves the way to quantitative nitroproteomics analysis of astrocytomas, and offers new promise for in-depth understanding of molecular mechanisms of astrocytomas and discovery of novel protein targets of tyrosine nitration for effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets of astrocytomas.