Studies on utilization of fish waste. 4. Effects of scrap meals fermented with fungi on growth of red sea bream and feed efficiency.

Red sea bream were raised on the diets containing white fish meal, nonfermented scrap meal, and fermented-resteamed scrap mcal, whose POV and TBA values decreased and ω3 HUFA content increased by fermentation. The fermentation was carried out with Aspergillus terreus (AT), Asp. flavus (AF), Asp. oryzae (AO), Penicillium citrinum (PC) and Peni. citrinum (PG) isolated from smoked-semidried skipjack, and the combined microbes (FS). The gowth and feed etfficiency of fish fed on the fermented-resteamed scrap meal diets except the PC diet were superior to those of the nonfermented scrap meal diet group. Especially, the AT, AO, and PG diet groups showed comparably high growth and feed efficiency, to the white fish meal diet group and the FS diet group.