Evaluating the Effects of Vacuum on the Microstructure and Biocompatibility of Bovine Decellularized Pericardium.

AIMS The aim of this study was evaluating the effects of vacuum on microstructure and biocompatibility of bovine decellularized pericardium. MATERIALS & METHODS The bovine pericardia were decellularized and then the vacuum was applied for two periods of time; 90 and 180 min. DNA, glucose amino glycan, collagen and elastin content assay, SEM examination, H&E and Masson's trichrome stainings performed to evaluate microstructure of tissues. MTT test, subcutaneous implantation and tensile test were used to assay biocompatibility and mechanical properties of decellularized tissues. RESULTS Applying vacuum reduced residual DNA significantly. Vacuum after 180 min reduced more residual DNA. There were no significant differences in the content of GAG, collagen, and elastin between the vacuumed and control groups. SEM examination was revealed that vacuum for 180 min increased pore size and porosity more than 90 min and control groups. H&E and Masson's trichrome stainings revealed extracellular matrix preservation after decellularization in all groups. Cell viability was increased in vacuumed samples significantly after 72h in vaccumed samples . H&E staining and tensile test after implantation of tissues were showed less inflammation in the vacuum applied tissues and increased durability. CONCLUSION The vacuum increased DNA removal, pore size, porosity and biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo and durability of bovine decellularized pericardium in vivo. Considering the important role of time, more studies should be performed to optimize time, intensity and method of application of vacuum in decellularization of different tissues as well as bovine pericardium. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.