Нелінійна Simulink-модель синхронного генератора як об’єкта регулювання напруги

The nonlinear mathematical model of a synchronous generator as an object of voltage regulation is presented. The model is based on the Park-Gorev equations for an idealized synchronous generator under the assumption that transients in the armature circuits and the damper winding proceed much faster than in the field winding circuit. The model takes into account the influence of the degree of saturation of the magnetic system on the inductance of the synchronous machine, which allows us to study the operation of the generator in the voltage control loop with significant changes in the excitation current and load. The initial data for obtaining the dependences of the inductances on the excitation current are the experimental characteristics of idling and short circuit. The synchronous generator model was built in the simulation environment MatLab / Simulink and was used to study the voltage regulation processes of a synchronous generator using a low-inertia voltage regulator. An analysis of the results showed that, with full saturation taken into account, the transient is almost identical to the results obtained using the SI Fundamental Synchronous Machine model used in MatLab / Simulink / Power Systems, in which modeling is performed by numerically solving the equations. During the simulation, models of a synchronous generator were compared without taking into account the saturation of the magnetic system, taking into account the influence of saturation only on the inductance of the field winding and taking into account the full saturation. The obtained simulation results show the importance of taking into account the influence of the excitation current on the generator inductance in the study of voltage regulation processes. The proposed model can be useful in analyzing the operation of a system for automatic voltage regulation of a synchronous generator to obtain transient curves close to real experimental data.