Repercussão da perda de peso sobre parâmetros nutricionais e metabólicos de pacientes obesos graves após um ano de gastroplastia em Y-de-Roux

OBJECTIVE: To assess nutritional and metabolic evolution and inflammatory activity in severe obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated 56 patients (50 female and 6 male), mean age 40 ± 9,9 years, submitted to RYGB. Nutritional, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters were assessed prior to and 12 months postsurgery. RESULTS: It was verified significant decreases in weight loss in relation to baseline values from 138 ± 28,8 to 90 ± 19,5 kg (p< 0,0001), glucose levels from 116 ± 47,3 to 84 ± 9,8 mg/dL (p< 0,0001), triacylglycerol levels from 137 ± 61,4 to 84 ± 38,6 mg/dL (p< 0,0001), and also in total cholesterol from 189 ± 41,6 to 166 ± 36,4 mg/dL (p< 0,0001) and LDL-cholesterol from 119 ± 36,1 to 104 ± 30,7 mg/dL (p< 0,0005). C-reactive protein levels reduced from 11,33 ± 10,82 to 3,62 ± 4,49 mg/dL (p< 0,0001). Although maintenance of iron levels was verified after one year, there was a significant decrease in hemoglobin from 13 ± 1,3 to 12 ± 1,4 g/dL (p< 0,01), and reduction in ferritin levels, especially in women who showed a decrease from 101,2 ± 123,3 to 85,0 ± 101,9 (p< 0,03). CONCLUSION: Therefore, weigh loss in patients with severe obese after RYGB showed improvement in both metabolic and inflammatory status and may reduce substantially co-morbidities associated with increased cardiovascular risk.