Acute Patellar Instability in Children

Acute patellar instability is part of the spectrum of patellofemoral maltracking problems, which can manifest as pain, subluxation or frank dislocation. Dislocation itself is usually the result of trauma, particularly in the presence of pre-existing structural abnormalities. Sequelae of acute dislocations include osteochondral injuries and recurrent instability; however, in the absence of osteochondral injuries or major morphological abnormalities, the gold standard of treatment is nonoperative. In this chapter, the patellofemoral joint anatomy is examined alongside the risk factors for instability. Causes of acute patellar instability are discussed, as well as management.