Human Skin: Composition, Structure and Visualisation Methods

In this chapter we discuss the molecular composition and structure of the epidermis, dermal-epidermal junction, dermis and hypodermis. We highlight the contribution of long-lived dermal collagens, elastic fibres, proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid to skin function and also consider the role of apparently “minor” skin components. In order to characterise both healthy skin, and the progression of disease and ageing, it is necessary to use microscopical approaches but in addition to conventional ex vivo techniques, which image in two dimensions, valuable information can be gained by complimentary non-invasive and 3D imaging technologies.