Peridynamics simulation of the fragmentation of ice cover by blast loads of an underwater explosion

A bond-based peridynamic approach was applied to investigate the fragmentation of ice cover by blast loads of an underwater explosion. A modified elastic micromodulus was proposed in peridynamics, which can describe the long-range force varying with distance between two particles. The elastic-brittle constitutive model was implemented in numerical model considering different compressive and tensile strength of ice. A blast loading generated by underwater explosion was analyzed, in which the effects of fluid–solid coupling and liquid jets were taken into account. In addition, the failure criterion is defined based on fracture toughness. The simulation results show a good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the parameters that influence the fracture radius of the ice cover were also discussed.