Design, Optimization, and Critical Analysis of Metamaterial Superstrate-Coupled High-Gain Microstrip Patch Antenna

The achievement of an efficient, high gain, and miniaturized antenna is a very challenging task for the scientific community. Such a contradiction is handled by investigating microstrip patch antenna coupled with a new hybrid metamaterial (MM) superstrate constituted of two distinct kinds of frequency selective surfaces (FSSs). In this work, the primary and proposed microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are optimized and critically analyzed. An optimal MM configuration is found to possess a gain of 7.2 dB with a very thin superstrate layer, which reflects its potential for practical applications.