B-Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients Produced by an Antisense Oligomer to therevGene of HIV-1

Abstract The immunostimulatory activity of a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide (27 mer) that is antisense to the rev gene of HIV-1 was studied on normal human lymphocytes and on cells from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). For peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nine normal individuals, the proliferation index (16.8 ± 12.5) after anti- rev oligomer exposure was proportional to the percentage of peripheral B-cells ( r = 0.76, P = 0.02). In five experiments, enriched B- or T-cell populations had proliferation indices of 47.2 ± 32.9 and 2.4 ± 1.9, respectively. The addition of T-cells to anti- rev oligomer treated B-cells had no effect (proliferation index = 47.5 ± 38.1). After anti- rev oligomer stimulation, autoradiography, and counterstaining for B- and T-cell markers, all detectable [ 3 H]thymidine uptake was by CD19-positive cells. Eight of the 14 CVI patients had a proliferation index and secreted levels of IgM and IgG comparable to cells from normal individuals. In contrast to normal cells, the direct correlation between proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the percentage peripheral B-cells was weak in samples from 13 CVI patients ( r = 0.4, P = 0.2). These findings indicate that peripheral blood B-cells from about half of CVI patients proliferate and produce immunoglobulin after exposure to anti- rev oligomer. These data demonstrate that under the appropriate circumstances, B-cells of some CVI patients can proliferate and differentiate normally.