Acute Headache Disorders in Adults and Children: Evidence-Based Emergency Imaging

Headaches can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary causes include migraine, cluster, and tension-type headaches, while secondary etiologies include neoplasms, arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, infections, trauma, and hydrocephalus. Diagnosis of primary headache disorders is based on clinical criteria as set forth by the International Headache Society (Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society). A detailed history and physical examination help distinguish between primary and secondary headaches. Neuroimaging should aid in the diagnosis of secondary headache disorders.