Dieta suplementada com prebiótico, probiótico e simbiótico no cultivo de camarões marinhos

The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of prebiotic, probiotic, and symbiotic supplements, in the diet of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and their effects on growth, intestinal microbiota, immune response, and resistance to experimental challenge with Vibrio alginolyticus. Four treatments were used: prebiotic (inulin); probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum); symbiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum + inulin); and a control. Shrimp were distributed in 16 tanks with ten thousand liters of water, stocked with 200 shrimp each, cultivated for six weeks. Microbiology of the intestinal tract and the immune response of shrimp were evaluated before and after the challenge with V. alginolyticus. The concentration of Vibrio spp. in the digestive tract was lower in shrimp fed prebiotic, probiotic, and symbiotic-supplemented diet, while concentration of lactic acid bacteria was higher only in shrimp fed probiotic and symbiotic-supplemented diet. The title of agglutinating serum against V. alginolyticus increased in shrimp fed the probiotic and symbiotic-supplemented diet prior to infection, and was higher in all treatments after infection with V. alginolyticus, in comparison to the control. No difference was observed between treatments for the remaining parameters. Probiotic, prebiotic, and symbiotic diets change intestinal microbiota, and increase the agglutinating serum title against V. alginolyticus; however, they change neither the shrimp resistance to challenge by V. alginolyticus nor shrimp growth.