Characterization and study of a κ-casein-like chymosin-sensitive linkage

Abstract The present report is dealing with the identification, in various unrelated proteins, of protein fragments sharing local sequence and structure similarities with the chymosin-sensitive linkage surrounding the Phe-Met/Ile bond of κ-caseins. In all these proteins, this linkage is observed within an exposed β-strand-like structure, as also predicted for κ-caseins. The structure of one of these fragments, included in glutamine synthetase, particularly superimposes well with the conformation observed for a chymosin inhibitor (CP-113972) within the complex it forms with chymosin and can be similarly accommodated by specificity pockets within the enzyme substrate binding cleft. The effect of the enzyme activity of chymosin was thus tested on glutamine synthetase. Chymosin cut the latter at the Phe-Met linkage, suggesting that this system may locally resemble the κ-casein/chymosin complex.