Incidence de quelques facteurs agronomiques sur les populations de Meloidogyne spp. et leurs principaux organismes parasites en culture maraîchère sahélienne
2000
Des prospections nematologiques ont ete realisees dans les regions de production maraichere de deux pays saheliens, le Burkina Faso et le Senegal. Des analyses de correspondances entre quelques facteurs agronomiques et les populations de Meloidogyne spp. ont montre que les niveaux des populations telluriques et racinaires n'etaient pas exclusivement liees a la sensibilite des cultures maraicheres en place, mais dependaient aussi des precedents culturaux ou des agrosystemes (terres inondees ou exondees) qui prevalent dans ces regions. En outre, la presence de micro-organismes parasites des nematodes (champignons nematophages et Pasteuria penetrans) dans les agrosystemes de terres exondees, permet d'envisager l'integration de methodes de controle biologique a l'aide d'hyperparasites indigenes aux methodes de lutte culturale. Impact of agronomic factors on Meloidogyne spp. populations and their most common parasites in Sahelian vegetable cropping systems - Nematode surveys were carried out in vegetable producing areas in two Sahelian countries, Burkina Faso and Senegal. Correspondence analysis between agronomical factors and populations of Meloidogyne spp. revealed that vegetable susceptibility to nematodes was not the only factor responsible for soil and root infestations. Population densities would more readily depend on cropping systems (previous crops, often flooded lowlands vs well drained uplands). Natural occurrence of nematode-parasitic microorganisms (nematophagous fungi and Pasteuria penetrans) in upland agrosystems was observed and could be used together with cultural practices in an IPM approach.
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