폐경 여성에서 출산 횟수와 당뇨병의 관련성과 모유수유 기간과의 상호작용

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parity and diabetes mellitus and to examine the interaction effect of the breastfeeding period and parity on diabetes mellitus among postmenopausal women. Methods: The study was conducted on 4,053 women aged 50 or older who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey from 2010 to 2012. The parity was divided into two groups and the duration of breastfeeding was divided into three groups to be analyzed. Diabetes mellitus was defined according to a fasting blood glucose level (blood glucose level ≥126 mg/dL) or use of an anti-hypoglycemic agent or insulin. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between parity and diabetes mellitus and the interaction effect of the breastfeeding period and parity on diabetes mellitus. The sociodemographic factors and health-related indicators, and women’s reproduction factors were adjusted to the model as confounding variables. Results: The relationship between parity and diabetes mellitus was statistically significant without adjusting for confounding variables (odds ratio, OR=1.73, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI=1.40-2.13, p<0.001). However, adjusting for confounding factors revealed that the relationship was not statistically significant (OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.79-1.48, p=0.633). As a result of analyzing the interaction terms between parity and breastfeeding period, the main effect of parity was statistically significant (p=0.034); but, the main effect of the breastfeeding period was not. The interaction term of the breastfeeding period and parity was statistically significant (p=0.042). Among women who breastfed for 0-6 months, those who had delivered 4-12 children had 5.56 times increased risk of diabetes mellitus compared with those who delivered 1-3 children. Conclusions: The association between parity and diabetes mellitus and the interaction between breastfeeding period and parity were statistically significant. Among women with short breastfeeding periods, the one who delivered more children had a higher risk of diabetes mellitus.