Avances en la cicloisomerización de eninas catalizada por metales de transición

Enynes are molecules containing, at least, one double and one triple bond, which can be expatiated or substituted or both. These instaurations can be separated by a heteroatom. Enynes reactivity allows anticipating the development of new interesting molecules for fine and pharmaceutical chemistry. Metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions of 1,n-enynes have appeared as conceptually and chemically highly attractive processes as they contribute to the atom economy and allow the discovery of new reactions and products. Since the pioneering studies with palladium by the research group of Barry Trost in the mid-1980s, other metals have been identified as excellent catalysts for the rearrangement of 1,n-enyne skeletons. Moreover, the behavior of 1,n-enynes may be influenced by other functional groups such as alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, alkenes, or alkynes. On the other hand, the increasing demand of optically active compounds has activated the studies of metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions, in which chiral ligand plays a fun- damental role. An abundant optically active molecule group found in the nature contains a high carbon and heterocycles functionalization. These important structural aspects are frequently absolutely essential for the biological activity and the function. There is a great number of ligands that help to induce asymmetry in diverse chemical reactions. This re- view is focused to highlight the main contributions in this field of catalysis and the enynes cycloisomerization reaction mechanisms catalyzed by rhodium, platinum and gold.