Crowd Intelligence for Sustainable Futuristic Intelligent Transportation System: A Review

Connected vehicles and fully automated driving systems are the main objectives of the future transportation system. A safe interactive system that interacts with people and things is essential to achieve these objectives. In this context, a crowd intelligence system plays a key role in interactive system development. Crowd intelligence is a combined method of data collection, integration and analysis from devices such as the smartphones, wearables, vehicles and a wide range of Internet of Things applications to use them as sensors. This collective feedback-driven interactive method is opportunistic for the development of the future transportation system. In this study, a survey is conducted considering crowd-intelligence techniques for the transportation system. From this survey, various challenges of the intelligent transportation system have been outlined and crowd-intelligent solutions have been discussed. A layered structure of transportation system architecture is suggested considering various problems in each layer and its crowd-intelligent solutions. The crowd-intelligence-based mobility, traffic control, traffic prediction, parking solutions have been discussed in this survey. Moreover, the importance of crowd-intelligent techniques and its applicability is discussed for sustainable development of futuristic transport infrastructure.