Using an Evidence-Based Research approach before a new study is conducted to ensure value

Abstract Background There is considerable actual and potential waste in research. The aim of this paper is to describe how using an Evidence-Based Research approach before conducting a study helps to ensure that the new study truly adds value. Study design and setting Evidence-Based Research is the use of prior research in a systematic and transparent way to inform a new study so that it is answering questions that matter in a valid, efficient and accessible manner. In this second paper of the Evidence-Based Research series, we describe how to apply an Evidence-Based Research approach prior to starting a new study. Results Before a new study is performed, researchers need to provide a solid justification for it using the available scientific knowledge as well as the perspectives of end users. The key method for both is to conduct a systematic review of earlier relevant studies. Conclusion Describing the ideal process illuminates the challenges and opportunities offered through the suggested Evidence-Based Research approach. A systematic and transparent approach is needed to provide justification for and to optimally design a relevant and necessary new study.