Mechanisms for sickle red blood cell retention in choroid.

Purpose. Although sickle (SS) red cell-mediated vaso-occlusion in retina and resultant retinopathy is well documented, the effects of SS red cells on choroidal vasculature are poorly understood. The intent of this study was to determine, using a rat model, the conditions under which retention of sickle erythrocytes in choroid occur and if that retention can be inhibited. Methods. Sickle red cells were density separated into high density (SS4) or normal density, reticulocyte-enriched fractions (SS2). Red cells were labeled with FITC and administered IV to anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were made either hypoxic or were given TNF-a intraperitoneally 5 hours before intravenous administration of red cells. Five minutes after administration of red cells, rats were exsanguinated, the retinas removed, and choroids prepared as flat-mounts. The number of red cells retained in five high power fields of choroid was then determined. In other experiments, SS red cells were preincubated with the cyclic peptide T...