Biochemical Profile and Genetic Polymorphism of MTHFRC677T in Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellituss

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine metabolic disorder and a leading cause of death worldwide Diabetes type-2 is a multicausal disease which develops slowly and in a stepwise order. Our study showed there was no significant difference in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) and Tri glyceride (TG) of patients and controls (0.90±0.59 vs 1.15±0.39 p>0.05) and (1.19±0.70 vs 1.01±0.52 p>0.060) respectively. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol (TC) are significantly higher in patients than control group (4.09±1.14 vs 3.01±1.02 p<0.0002) and (4.21±1.28 vs 3.78±1.29 p<0.05). However, HDL/TC ratio is significantly higher in patients than controls (0.21±0.91 vs 0.30±0.99 p<0.05). Serum levels of all liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) analyzed are significantly higher in patients than controls (12.69±10.80 vs 4.95±2.66, p<0.0002), (15.99±10.70 vs 6.95±3.84, p<0.0002) and 68.29±27.78 vs 21.27±7.77, p<0.0001) respectively. On genetic level the role of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms our results showed 63% of the cases showed homozygous mutant condition. The allelic association of polymorphism of controls with cases was found to be significant (P=0.007). Homozygous mutant condition of MTHFRC677T gene was found to be certainly higher in Diabetes Mellitus 2 Cases of above 60 years of age (80%), than ages below 60 years and in controls (16.6%) and was significant as p=0.005, compared to below 60 years of age (33.3%) and in controls (0%) and association was insignificant as p=0.4667. Our data suggest that there is an important role of LDL, TC, HDL/TC, ALT, AST, and ALP in type-2 Diabetes, also gene polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T gene may act synergistically to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.