Method for preparing biology based polyalcohol by using monoester of hybrid epoxidized fatty acid produced from seed oil

This invention relates to a method for preparing biopolyols from mixed epoxy fatty acid monoesters generated from rapeseed oil. The method comprises: performing ring-opening reaction on mixed epoxy fatty acid monoesters generated from rapeseed oil and nucleophilic agent containing active hydrogen to obtain bopolyols. The biopolyols have adjustable performance and good functions. The method can be used for preparing biopolyols with different functionality degrees and preconcerted hydropolyol values by selecting different mixed epoxy fatty acid monoesters and hydrogen donors. The method does not use olefin oxide, and reduces the dependence on petrochemicals.