Solubility of U(VI) in chloride solutions. III. The stable oxides/hydroxides in MgCl2 systems: Pitzer activity model for the system UO22+–Na+–K+–Mg2+–H+–OH––Cl––H2O(l)

Abstract We have developed new chemical, thermodynamic and activity models for the system UO 2 2+ –Na + –K + –Mg 2+ –H + –OH − –Cl − –H 2 O(l) within the Pitzer approach. The new thermodynamic model is based on previously reported data treated within the SIT approach for NaCl and KCl systems, as well as on new experimental data determined in this work for the MgCl 2 system. The solubility of uranium(VI) was studied in 0.01–5.15 mol·kg w −1 MgCl 2 solutions at pH m  = 4.1–9.7 (with pH m  = −log [H + ]). Experiments were performed under Ar atmosphere at T  = (22 ± 2) °C. In all investigated systems, the solubility of U(VI) is controlled by metaschoepite, UO 3 ·2H 2 O(cr). In contrast to previously investigated NaCl and KCl systems, no ternary Mg–U(VI)–OH(s) solid phases formed in alkaline MgCl 2 solutions within the timeframe of this study (≤ 200 days). A very significant increase in the solubility (up to 3 log 10 -units) is observed in acidic to near-neutral pH m conditions when increasing MgCl 2 concentration from 0.01 to 5.15 mol·kg w −1 , which reflects the strong ion interaction processes taking place in concentrated MgCl 2 brines. The solubility of UO 3 ·2H 2 O(cr) in the investigated NaCl, KCl and MgCl 2 solutions is well described with the solubility and hydrolysis constants recommended by Altmaier et al., (2017) and NEA–TDB, and a Pitzer activity model derived in the present work. The latter model considers experimental data reported in the present study and available in the literature for NaCl, KCl and MgCl 2 systems (solubility, potentiometric and spectroscopic data), in combination with well-stablished estimation methods and correlations with SIT coefficients. Chemical, thermodynamic and Pitzer activity models provided in this work for the system UO 2 2+ –Na + –K + –Mg 2+ –H + –OH − –Cl − –H 2 O(l) accurately describe all evaluated datasets, and represent an adequate tool for the calculation of U(VI) solubility and aqueous speciation in a variety of geochemical conditions including concentrated brine systems of relevance in salt-based repositories for nuclear waste disposal.