Enzymes and their Application in Textile Processing, especially Desizing

The origin of enzymes and their general properties are outlined in brief. A variety of industrial uses is mentioned and the application of enzymes in the textile industry is discussed in some detail. Starchsplitting enzymes, amylases, are discussed in particular. Their properties are shown to be dependent on their source of origin. The mechanism of amylase action on a starch substrate is explained and distinction is made between α- and β-amylase. Present-day textile finishing has led to greater importance being given to cloth preparation and to an increasing acceptance of continuous processes. Enzymic and other desizing techniques are outlined. Mention is made of sizing materials other than starch. Removal of these substances is often materially assisted by enzyme preparations; reference is made to proteins and gums.