Second-Line Therapy for Immune Thrombocytopenia: Real-World Experience in Canada

2020 
BackgroundThe sequence of second-line therapy used for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is variable. This study aimed to describe the types and sequences of second-line therapies for a large cohort of ITP patients in Canada. MethodsWe completed a retrospective cohort study of the McMaster ITP Registry. We included patients with primary or secondary ITP who had received one or more second-line therapies including any of the splenectomy, rituximab, danazol, dapsone, or thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), or immunosuppressant medications. Immunosuppressant medications included azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, or mycophenolate given alone or in combination. ResultsWe identified 204 ITP patients who had received one or more second-line therapies. The most common second-line therapies were immunosuppressant medications (n = 106; 52.0%), splenectomy (n = 106; 52.0%), TPO-RAs (n = 75; 36.8%), danazol (n = 73; 35.8%), and rituximab (n = 67; 32.8%). For patients who received only one second-line therapy (n = 88), the most common treatment was splenectomy (n = 28; 31.8%). For patients who received more than one second-line therapy (n = 116), the most common treatment sequence was splenectomy, followed by immunosuppressant medications (n = 7; 6.0%). Of the 154 evaluable patients at the end of follow-up, 69 (44.8%) achieved a complete platelet count response and 101 (65.5%) achieved a partial response. ConclusionImmunosuppressant medications and splenectomy are commonly used as second-line therapies for ITP in Canada. Treatment choices and the sequence of treatments were variable. RESUME Contexte La sequence de la therapie de deuxieme ligne utilisee pour le traitement de la thrombocytopenie immunitaire (PTI) est variable. Cette etude visait a decrire les types et les sequences des therapies de deuxieme ligne pour une large cohorte de patients atteints de PTI au Canada. MethodesNous avons realise une etude de cohorte retrospective du registre ITP de McMaster. Nous avons inclus des patients atteints de PTI primaire ou secondaire qui avaient recu une ou plusieurs therapies de deuxieme ligne, y compris une splenectomie, du rituximab, du danazol, de la dapsone ou des agonistes des recepteurs de la thrombopoietine (AR-TPO), ou des medicaments immunosuppresseurs. Les medicaments immunosuppresseurs comprennent l’azathioprine, le cyclophosphamide, la cyclosporine ou le mycophenolate, administres seuls ou en combinaison. ResultatsNous avons identifie 204 patients atteints de PTI qui avaient recu une ou plusieurs therapies de seconde ligne. Les therapies de deuxieme ligne les plus courantes etaient les immunosuppresseurs (n = 106; 52.0%), la splenectomie (n = 106; 52.0%), les AR-TPO (n = 75; 36.8%), le danazol (n = 73; 35.8%) et le rituximab (n = 67; 32.8%). Pour les patients qui n’ont recu qu’un seul traitement de deuxieme intention (n = 88), le traitement le plus courant etait la splenectomie (n = 28; 31.8%). Pour les patients qui ont recu plus d’un traitement de deuxieme ligne (n = 116), la sequence de traitement la plus courante etait la splenectomie, suivie par les medicaments immunosuppresseurs (n = 7; 6.0%). Sur les 154 patients evaluables a la fin du suivi, 69 (44.8%) ont obtenu une reponse complete de la numeration plaquettaire et 101 (65.5%) une reponse partielle. ConclusionLes medicaments immunosuppresseurs et la splenectomie sont couramment utilises comme traitements de deuxieme intention pour le PTI au Canada. Les choix de traitement et la sequence des traitements sont variables.
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