Fluid Dynamics Approach to Airway Obstruction

Abstract Background Fluid dynamics theory, which is a fundamental underlying concept applied to fluid management, has not been introduced to analyze the human respiratory system. We hypothesized that one of the potential mechanisms that promotes airflow limitation in patients with airway obstructive disease would be elucidated by using fluid dynamics theory. Methods We calculated the values of pressure loss and static pressure change under virtual tracheal stenotic conditions using the fluid dynamics approach. Results Under normal conditions, the absolute values of pressure loss and static pressure change are very low. However, once airway stenosis occurs, it is confirmed that they would be dramatically elevated. Conclusions The fluid dynamics approach to airway obstruction is very constructive. The treatment strategy for airway obstruction and the reasons for airflow limitation are well explained by using this approach.