STUDI KARAKTERISASI ANGGREK SECARA SITOLOGI DALAM RANGKA PELESTARIAN PLASMA NUTFAH

Character was very important cytological nature orchids studied to support the success of breeding orchids. The purpose of the research to study the cytological characters orchid  number, size) and chromosome karyotype in order to conserve germplasm. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture University Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Materials research Paphiophedilum glaucophylum,, Coelogyne spesiosa Dendrobium crumenantum, Dendrobium mutabile,, Bulbophyllum. Blumei dan  Bulbophyllum beflorum . The method uses squashing methods include : fixation : Carnoy solution of 2 (6 ethanol : 3 chloroform : 1 glacial acetic acid 45 %), hydrolysis (1 N HCl) and staining chromosomes (aceto - orcein solution 2 %). Observations (number, size, shape) chromosomes with a light microscope. The results showed that the studied semuia orchids have the same chromosome number is 2n = 38, medium size chromosomes Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum 4.26 ± 0.14 to  9.73 ± 0.19, Coelogyne spesiosa 0.35 ± 0.03 to 6.30 ± 0.84, Dendrobium crumenantum 2.46 ± 0.20 until 5.33 ± 0.02 Dendrobium mutabile 2.56 ±  0.72  until 6.54 ± 0.73, Bulbophyllum blume 2.76 ±  0.09 until 6.07 ±  0.43 and Bulbophyllum beflorum1.04 ±  0.07 sampai 1.35 ± 0.16. Karyotype patterns all orchids studied 2n = 38 m except Coelogyne spesiosa 2n = 37 m+ 1 ak and Dendrobium mutabile 2n = 37 m+ 1 sm