Osteoblastoma of the Mandible with Root Resorption: A Case Report

Introduction: Osteoblastoma is a rare and benign tumor that accounts for about 1 of all bone tumors. Vertebral column, sacrum, and long bones are the more frequent involved sites. It is more common among males and in the mandible. Osteoblastoma is divided into two types of invasive and conventional. The invasive neoplasm is usually larger than 4 cm, and the conventional type is smaller than 4 cm. Case report: In this case report, we described a 20-year-old male patient with the chief complaint of swelling and tenderness in the left side of the posterior mandible, who referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Dentistry Faculty of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. In the orthopantomogram and cone beam computed tomography, there was a radiopaque mass with a radiolucent margin beneath the teeth numbers #35 and #36 with a root resorption at #36. Incisional biopsy revealed the definitive diagnosis of osteoblastoma. Surgical resection with 5-mm margins was performed under general anesthesia. During the 2-year follow-up, there was no sign of recurrence or other complications. Conclusion: Osteoblastoma has a similar radiographic appearance to other bone neoplasms, such as osteoid osteoma, cementoblastoma, ossifying fibroma, and osteosarcoma. But it has significantly different histopathologic and clinical behaviors from those of the mentioned conditions. In the presence of a benign tumor, which is not typically seen in osteoblastoma, a report of such cases of root absorption can be added to our range of possible diagnoses.