Calibration device of bit pressure/torque measurement while drilling apparatus in oil drilling and method

The invention relates to a ground calibration device which is applied to an underground bit pressure/torque measurement while drilling apparatus in the oil drilling engineering, as well as a method. The calibration device is characterized in that a calibration short section is designed into a symmetrical structure; the calibration short section is connected with a clamping device by adopting a connector, so that the calibration short section is suspended in a hydraulic and mechanical module; in the calibration method, a method of comparing a measured valve with a standard value is adopted; a bit pressure output value or a torque output value is changed from small to big or from big to small by a certain step length, to realize independent scales of two parameters; or one of the parameters is kept constant while the other parameter is increased or decreased step by step, to realize a combined scale of the two parameters. The calibration device has the advantages of realizing the independent scales and the combined scale of the bit pressure and the torque, eliminating error of centralization of a mechanical module of the calibration device, and eliminating the impact of a gravity and a bending moment generated by the clamping device on the calibration result.