Convection in Nanofluid-Filled Porous Cavity with Heat Absorption/Generation and Radiation

The present paper investigates numerically to study natural convection in a square cavity filled with a nanofluid porous medium. The nanofluid mathematical model proposed by Buongiorno is considered. The left side wall of the enclosure is heated, whereas the right side wall is cooled, and the bottom and upper walls are adiabatic. The analysis is formulated in terms of vorticity stream function procedure. The governing equations, which are continuity, momentum, and energy equations are, solved by the finite element method based on the Galerkin weighted residual approach. The relevant parameters for computations are radiation parameter, Rayleigh number, thermophoresis parameter, Brownian motion parameter, buoyancy ratio parameter, Lewis number, and heat source/sink parameter. The numerical results in terms of streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentrations, average and local skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt numbers are reported for various values of Nt, Nb, Ra, Le, Rd, and Q.