Monitoring method and optimal control method for supercritical circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler combustion signals

The invention discloses a monitoring method and an optimal control method for supercritical circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler combustion signals. The monitoring method comprises the following steps of: step 1, acquiring and pre-processing field data, and determining an auxiliary variable of an instant combustion carbon quantity model; step 2, building the instant combustion carbon quantity model based on mechanism modeling and data analysis hybrid modeling, and estimating the storage amount of instant combustion carbon in a hearth through a generalized Kalman filter information fusion technology, wherein the instant combustion carbon quantity model is shown in the description; and step 3, building a dynamic heat signal model, a hearth bed temperature signal model and a hearth outlet oxygen signal model through the instant combustion carbon quantity, and predetermining heat, bed temperatures and oxygen. The methods provided by the invention can accurately measure signals of heat, bed temperatures, oxygen and the like of a supercritical CFB boiler in real time, so that the optimal control on supercritical CFB boiler combustion is realized, and the combustion stability of the supercritical CFB boiler is improved.