Mapping Multi-hazard Risk of the World

Multi-hazard risk assessment aims at assessing the total risk of various types of hazards happened in an area in a certain period of time. In this study, the Total Risk Index (TRI) and Multi-hazard Risk Index (MhRI) are adopted for assessing the multiple risks of 11 hazards—earthquake, volcano, landside, flood, storm surge, sand-dust storm, tropical cyclone, drought, heat wave, cold wave, and wildfire—for population and property at grid level (0.5°×0.5°) comparable-geographic and national levels. The TRI and MhRI values of all 197 countries of the world are calculated at county and per unit area, respectively. By TRI, the top 1 % countries with the highest expected annual mortality and affected population risk level are India and China at country unit, Bangladesh and Gaza Strip at per unit area; The top 1 % countries with the highest expected annual loss and affected property risk level are United States and Japan at country unit, Netherlands and Japan at per unit area. By MhRI, the top 1 % countries with the highest expected annual affected population risk level are China and India at country unit, Bangladesh and Singapore at per unit area; the top 1 % countries with the highest expected annual affected property risk level are United States and Japan at country unit, Japan and South Korea at per unit area.