Right translated AES gray S-boxes

This article deals with an algorithm for the generation of impregnable substitution boxes S-box. The proposed scheme involves the application of right translation and Gray codes over the original Advanced Encryption Standard AES S-box. Regular representation of Galois field GF28 is used to produce the translational effect in the AES S-box. The translated AES S-box is then subjected to Gray codes for the enhancement in their algebraic complexity. The proposed scheme results 256 different cryptographically strong S-boxes. Several tests such as non-linearity, bit independence, strict avalanche, linear approximation and differential approximation, algebraic complexity, correlation and histogram are implemented on every newly generated S-box to analyze their resistance against computational attacks. Furthermore, the newly generated S-boxes are compared with the existing well-known S-boxes. The simulation results indicate that the resistance of proposed S-boxes against computational attacks including linear, interpolation, differential and algebraic attacks approaches to the optimal values. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.